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ios直播知识:socket长连接和短连接
长链接:长链接就是在TCP连接的基础上可以连续发送多个数据包,也就是发送数据包的时候长时间保持客户端和服务端的连接状态。如果双方没有数据要发送,那么必须通过发送检测包来保持连接状态。
短链接:短链接就是在TCP连接的基础上,发送一个数据包就建立一次连接,如果数据完之后接断开tcp链接,这种连接安全性比长链接高,一半用于银行等安全要求很高的系统。
什么时候使用长链接和短连接?
长链接一般用于需要操作频繁,点对点通讯,视频直播就是使用长链接,由于三次握手需要时间,所以为了节省时间,对于操作频繁使用长链接发送一次数据后不用再次建立链接。
数据库的连接就要使用长链接,因为短连接会造成socket错误,而且频繁连接也容易造成错误。
这里有一个保持长链接的简单示例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <resolv.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#define MAXBUF 1024
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int sockfd, len;
struct sockaddr_in dest;
char buffer[MAXBUF];
char heartbeat[20] = "hello server";
fd_set rfds;
struct timeval tv;
int retval, maxfd = -1;
if (argc != 3)
{
printf("error! the right format should be : \
\n\t\t%s IP port\n\t eg:\t%s127.0.0.1 80\n",
argv[0], argv[0]);
exit(0);
}
if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
{
perror("Socket");
exit(errno);
}
bzero(&dest, sizeof(dest));
dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
dest.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
memset(&(dest.sin_zero), 0, 8);
if (inet_aton(argv[1], (struct in_addr*)&dest.sin_addr.s_addr) == 0)
{
perror(argv[1]);
exit(errno);
}
if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&dest, sizeof(dest)) != 0)
{
perror("Connect");
exit(errno);
}
printf("\nReady to start chatting.\n\
Direct input messages and \n\
enter to send messages to the server\n");
while (1)
{
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
FD_SET(0, &rfds);
maxfd = 0;
FD_SET(sockfd, &rfds);
if (sockfd > maxfd)
maxfd = sockfd;
tv.tv_sec = 2;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
retval = select(maxfd+1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
if (retval == -1)
{
printf("Will exit and the select is error! %s", strerror(errno));
break;
}
else if (retval == 0)
{
//printf("No message comes, no buttons, continue to wait ...\n");
len = send(sockfd, heartbeat, strlen(heartbeat), 0);
if (len < 0)
{
printf("Message '%s' failed to send ! \
The error code is %d, error message '%s'\n",
heartbeat, errno, strerror(errno));
break;
}
else
{
printf("News: %s \t send, sent a total of %d bytes!\n",
heartbeat, len);
}
continue;
}
else
{
if (FD_ISSET(sockfd, &rfds))
{
bzero(buffer, MAXBUF+1);
len = recv(sockfd, buffer, MAXBUF, 0);
if (len > 0)
{
printf("Successfully received the message: '%s',%d bytes of data\n",
buffer, len);
}
else
{
if (len < 0)
printf("Failed to receive the message! \
The error code is %d, error message is '%s'\n",
errno, strerror(errno));
else
printf("Chat to terminate!\n");
break;
}
}
if (FD_ISSET(0, &rfds))
{
bzero(buffer, MAXBUF+1);
fgets(buffer, MAXBUF, stdin);
if (!strncasecmp(buffer, "quit", 4))
{
printf("Own request to terminate the chat!\n");
break;
}
len = send(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer)-1, 0);
if (len < 0)
{
printf("Message '%s' failed to send ! \
The error code is %d, error message '%s'\n",
buffer, errno, strerror(errno));
break;
}
else
{
printf("News: %s \t send, sent a total of %d bytes!\n",
buffer, len);
}
}
}
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
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